E nānā i nā motika laina ʻokoʻa i loaʻa a pehea e koho ai i ke ʻano kūpono no kāu noi.
ʻO ka ʻatikala aʻe kahi hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻano like ʻole o nā motika linear i loaʻa, me kā lākou mau loina o ka hana, ka mōʻaukala o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā magnet mau loa, nā ʻano hoʻolālā no nā kaʻa laina a me nā ʻāpana ʻoihana e hoʻohana ana i kēlā me kēia ʻano o ka motika linear.
Hiki ke ʻenehana Linear Motors: Linear Induction Motors (LIM) a i ʻole Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motors (PMLSM).Hiki i ka PMLSM ke hao a i ʻole ka hao ʻole.Loaʻa nā motika āpau i ka hoʻonohonoho paʻa a i ʻole tubular.Aia ʻo Hiwin i ke poʻo o ka hoʻolālā laina laina a me ka hana ʻana no 20 mau makahiki.
Pono o Linear Motors
Hoʻohana ʻia ka motika laina no ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka neʻe laina, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i kahi ukana i hāʻawi ʻia i ka wikiwiki, ka wikiwiki, ka mamao o ka huakaʻi a me ka pololei.ʻO nā ʻenehana hoʻoneʻe āpau ʻē aʻe ma waho o ke kaʻa laina laina kekahi ʻano o ka mīkini mīkini e hoʻohuli i ka neʻe rotary i ka neʻe laina.ʻO ia mau ʻōnaehana neʻe e alakaʻi ʻia e nā wili pōpō, nā kāʻei a i ʻole rack a me nā pinion.ʻO ke ola lawelawe o kēia mau kaʻa āpau e hilinaʻi nui ʻia i ka ʻaʻahu ʻana o nā mea mīkini i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻololi i ka neʻe rotary i ka neʻe laina a he pōkole.
ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi nui o nā kaʻa laina ʻo ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka neʻe laina me ka ʻole o ka ʻōnaehana mechanical no ka mea ʻo ka ea ka mea hoʻouna, no laila ʻo nā kaʻa linear he mau frictionless drive, e hāʻawi ana i ke ola lawelawe ʻole ʻole.No ka mea ʻaʻole hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻāpana mechanical e hana i ka neʻe laina, hiki i nā wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe ke hiki ke loaʻa i nā mea hoʻokele ʻē aʻe e like me nā wili pōleʻa, nā kāʻei a i ʻole rack a me nā pinion e hālāwai me nā palena koʻikoʻi.
Nā Motors Induction Linear
Fig 1
ʻO ka linear induction motor (LIM) ka mea i hana mua ʻia (US patent 782312 - Alfred Zehden ma 1905).Loaʻa iā ia kahi "kumu mua" i haku ʻia me kahi pūʻulu o nā lamination kila uila a me ka plurality o nā coils keleawe i hoʻolako ʻia e kahi volta ʻekolu-phase a me kahi "lua" i haku ʻia me kahi pā kila a me kahi pā keleawe a alumini paha.
Ke hoʻoikaika ʻia nā ʻōwili kumu mua, lilo ka lua i mea magnetized a hoʻokumu ʻia kahi kahua o nā au eddy i loko o ka mea hoʻokele lua.A laila e launa pū kēia kahua lua me ka EMF hope mua e hana i ka ikaika.ʻO ke kuhikuhi o ka neʻe ʻana e hahai i ka lula hema a Fleming ʻo ia hoʻi;ʻo ke kuhikuhi o ka neʻe ʻana e kū pololei i ka ʻaoʻao o kēia manawa a me ke kuhikuhi o ke kahua / flux.
Fig 2
Hāʻawi nā motika induction linear i ka pono o ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa loa no ka mea ʻaʻole hoʻohana ke kula kiʻekiʻe i nā magnet mau loa.NdFeB a me SmCo mau mākēneki mau loa pipiʻi.Hoʻohana nā ʻenekini induction linear i nā mea maʻamau, (ke kila, aluminika, keleawe), no kā lākou lua a hoʻopau i kēia pilikia o ka lako.
Eia naʻe, ʻo ka haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā motika induction linear ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kaʻa no ia mau kaʻa.ʻOiai he maʻalahi loa ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kaʻa no nā kaʻa kaʻa laina magnet mau loa, he paʻakikī loa ka ʻimi ʻana i nā kaʻa no nā kaʻa induction linear.
Fig 3
Nā Motors Magnet Linear Synchronous Motors
ʻO nā motika hoʻoheheʻe linear paʻa mau (PMLSM) ka mea nui like me nā motika induction linear (ʻo ia hoʻi, he pūʻulu coils i kau ʻia ma luna o kahi puʻu o nā laminations kila uila a alakaʻi ʻia e ka uila ʻekolu-phase).ʻOkoʻa ka lua.
Ma kahi o kahi pā alumini a i ʻole keleawe i kau ʻia ma luna o kahi pā kila, ua haku ʻia ka lua me nā magnet mau i kau ʻia ma kahi pā kila.E hoʻololi ʻia ka ʻaoʻao o ka magnetization e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka Fig. 3.
ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā magnet mau loa ʻo ia ka hana ʻana i kahi kahua paʻa i ke kula lua.Ua ʻike mākou ua hana ʻia ka ikaika ma luna o kahi kaʻa induction ma o ka hoʻopili ʻana o ke kahua mua a me ke kula lua i loaʻa wale ma hope o ka hana ʻana o kahi kahua o nā au eddy i ka lua ma o ka mokulele mokulele.ʻO kēia ka hopena i kahi lohi i kapa ʻia ʻo "slip" a me ka neʻe ʻana o ka lua ʻaʻole i ka synch me ka uila mua i hāʻawi ʻia i ka mea mua.
No kēia kumu, ua kapa ʻia nā motor linear induction "asynchronous".Ma ke kaʻa kaʻa laina magnet mau, e hui mau ana ka neʻe lua me ka volta mua no ka mea e loaʻa mau ana ke kula lua a me ka ʻole o ka lohi.No kēia kumu, kapa ʻia nā motika linear mau loa "synchronous".
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano magnet mau loa ma kahi PMLSM.I nā makahiki he 120 i hala iho nei, ua loli ka lakio o kēlā me kēia mea.E like me kēia lā, hoʻohana nā PMLSM i nā magnet NdFeB a i ʻole SmCo magnet akā hoʻohana ka hapa nui i nā magnet NdFeB.Hōʻike ka Fig. 4 i ka mōʻaukala o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka magnet Permanent.
Fig 4
Hōʻike ʻia ka ikaika Magnet e kāna huahana ikehu ma Megagauss-Oersteds, (MGOe).A hiki i ka waena o kanawalu makahiki wale nō Steel, Ferrite a me Alnico i loaʻa a hāʻawi i nā huahana ikehu haʻahaʻa loa.Ua hoʻomohala ʻia nā mea magnet SmCo i ka makahiki 1960 ma muli o ka hana a Karl Strnat lāua ʻo Alden Ray a ma hope i kūʻai ʻia i nā makahiki he kanaono.
Fig 5
ʻO ka huahana ikehu o nā mākēneki SmCo ma mua o ka pālua o ka huahana ikehu o nā mākēneki Alnico.I ka makahiki 1984, ua hoʻokumu kūʻokoʻa ʻo General Motors a me Sumitomo i nā magnet NdFeB, kahi hui o Neodynium, Iron a me Boron.Hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o nā magnet SmCo a me NdFeB ma ke kiʻi 5.
Hoʻokumu nā mea mana NdFeB i ka ikaika ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā magnet SmCo akā ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi i nā wela kiʻekiʻe.ʻOi aku ka pale ʻana o nā mākēne SmCo i ka corrosion a me nā mahana haʻahaʻa akā ʻoi aku ka pipiʻi.Ke piʻi ka mahana hana i ka wela kiʻekiʻe o ka magnet, hoʻomaka ka magnet e demagnetize, a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia kēia demagnetization.ʻO ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka magnet ka mea e nalowale ai ka ikaika a hiki ʻole ke hoʻokō i nā kikoʻī.Inā hana ka magnet ma lalo o ka wela kiʻekiʻe loa ma 100% o ka manawa, e mālama ʻia kona ikaika a kokoke i ka pau ʻole.
Ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kumu kūʻai o SmCo magnets, NdFeB magnets ke koho kūpono no ka hapa nui o nā kaʻa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ikaika i loaʻa.Eia nō naʻe, no kekahi mau noi i hiki ke kiʻekiʻe loa ka mahana hana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā magnet SmCo e haʻalele i ka wela hana kiʻekiʻe.
Hoʻolālā o nā motika Linear
Hoʻolālā ʻia kahi kaʻa laina laina ma o ka Finite Element Electromagnetic Simulation.E hana ʻia kahi hiʻohiʻona 3D e hōʻike i ka waihona lamination, coils, magnet, a me ka pā kila e kākoʻo ana i nā magnet.E hoʻohālike ʻia ka ea a puni ke kaʻa e like me ka airgap.A laila e hoʻokomo ʻia nā waiwai waiwai no nā mea āpau: nā magnet, ke kila uila, ke kila, nā wili, a me ka ea.E hana ʻia kahi mesh me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea H a i ʻole P a hoʻoholo ʻia ke kumu hoʻohālike.A laila hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano i kēlā me kēia wili i loko o ke kumu hoʻohālike.
Hōʻike ka Fig. 6 i ka hoʻopuka ʻana o kahi simulation kahi e hōʻike ʻia ai ka flux i ka tesla.ʻO ka waiwai hoʻopuka nui o ka hoihoi no ka simulation ʻoiaʻiʻo ka ikaika Motor a e loaʻa.No ka mea, ʻaʻole hana ka hopena o nā wili i kekahi ikaika, hiki nō hoʻi ke holo i kahi simulation 2D ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kumu hoʻohālike 2D (DXF a i ʻole ke ʻano ʻē aʻe) o ke kaʻa me nā laminations, magnets, a me ka pā kila e kākoʻo ana i nā magnet.ʻO ka hoʻopuka ʻana o ia simulation 2D e kokoke loa i ka simulation 3D a lawa pono e loiloi i ka ikaika kaʻa.
Fig 6
E hoʻohālike ʻia ke ʻano hoʻohālike like me ke ʻano hoʻohālike 3D a i ʻole 2D akā ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana ma mua o kahi PMLSM.ʻO kēia no ka mea e hoʻohālike koke ʻia ka flux magnetic o ke kula kiʻekiʻe PMLSM ma hope o ke komo ʻana i nā waiwai magnets, no laila hoʻokahi wale nō hoʻonā e koi ʻia no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā waiwai hoʻopuka āpau me ka ikaika kaʻa.
Eia nō naʻe, e koi ʻia ke kahe lua o ke kaʻa induction i kahi loiloi transient (ʻo ia hoʻi, he nui nā hoʻonā i ka manawa i hāʻawi ʻia) i hiki ke kūkulu ʻia ka flux magnetic o ka lua LIM a laila hiki ke loaʻa ka ikaika.Pono ka lako polokalamu i hoʻohana ʻia no ka Electromagnetic Finite Element Simulation e hiki ke holo i kahi loiloi transient.
Ke kahua kaʻa laina laina
Fig 7
Hāʻawi ʻo Hiwin Corporation i nā motika laina ma ka pae ʻāpana.I kēia hihia, e hāʻawi ʻia ka laina laina a me nā modula lua.No ke kaʻa PMLSM, ʻo nā modula lua e loaʻa i nā pā kila o nā lōʻihi like ʻole ma luna o ka mea e ʻākoakoa ai nā magnet mau loa.Hāʻawi pū ʻo Hiwin Corporation i nā pae piha e like me ka hōʻike ʻana ma ka Fig.
Aia i loko o ia ʻano kahi kiʻi, nā bearings linear, ka mīkini mua, nā mea hoʻokalakupua kiʻekiʻe, kahi kaʻa no ka mea kūʻai aku e hoʻopili i kāna ukana, ka encoder, a me ke ala uwea.E mākaukau ana ke kahua kaʻa laina laina e hoʻomaka i ka lawe ʻana a e maʻalahi ke ola no ka mea ʻaʻole pono ka mea kūʻai aku e hoʻolālā a hana i kahi kahua, pono ka ʻike loea.
Linear Motor Stage Service Life
ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ke ola lawelawe o ke kahua kaʻa kaʻa laina ma mua o ke kahua i alakaʻi ʻia e ke kāʻei, wili pōlele a i ʻole rack a me nā pinion.ʻO nā ʻāpana mechanical o nā ʻanuʻu i alakaʻi ʻole ʻia ʻo ia nā mea mua i hāʻule ma muli o ka friction a me ka ʻaʻahu e ʻike mau ʻia lākou.ʻO kahi kaʻa kaʻa laina laina he kaʻa pololei me ka ʻole o ka hoʻopili mechanical a ʻaʻahu paha no ka mea he ea ka mea hoʻouna.No laila, ʻo nā ʻāpana wale nō i hiki ke hāʻule ma ke kahua kaʻa laina laina ʻo ia nā bearings linear a i ʻole ka motika ponoʻī.
He lōʻihi loa ke ola lawelawe o nā bearings linear no ka mea haʻahaʻa loa ka ukana radial.ʻO ke ola lawelawe o ke kaʻa e hilinaʻi ʻia ma ka awelika holo wela.Hōʻike ka Figure 8 i ke ola insulation motor ma ke ʻano he hana o ka mahana.ʻO ke kānāwai, e hoʻemi ʻia ke ola lawelawe no kēlā me kēia 10 degere Celsius i ʻoi aku ka mahana holo ma luna o ka wela helu.No ka laʻana, holo ka papa Insulation kaʻa F i 325,000 mau hola ma ka awelika wela o 120°C.
No laila, ua ʻike ʻia e loaʻa i kahi kaʻa laina laina ke ola lawelawe o 50+ mau makahiki inā koho ʻia ka kaʻa me ka conservatively, kahi ola lawelawe ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa i ke kāʻei, ka pōlele pōleʻa, a i ʻole nā pae a me nā pae hoʻokele pinion.
Fig 8
Nā noi no nā Motors Linear
Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā motika induction linear (LIM) i nā noi me ka lōʻihi o ka huakaʻi hele a kahi e koi ʻia ai ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe e hui pū me nā wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe.ʻO ke kumu o ke koho ʻana i kahi kaʻa induction linear no ka mea ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ke kumu kūʻai o ke kula kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka PMLSM a i ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe loa ke kiʻekiʻe loa o ka pono ʻo Linear Induction motor, no laila e nalowale ka mana.
No ka laʻana, ʻo EMALS (Electromagnetic Launch Systems), i hoʻohana ʻia ma nā mea lawe mokulele e hoʻokuʻu i nā mokulele e hoʻohana ana i nā motika induction linear.Ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka ʻōnaehana kaʻa linear mua ma ka mokulele mokulele USS Gerald R. Ford.Hiki i ke kaʻa ke hoʻoikaika i ka mokulele 45,000 kg ma 240 km / h ma ke ala he 91 mika.
ʻO kekahi laʻana holo pāka leʻaleʻa.Hiki i nā motika induction linear i kau ʻia ma kekahi o kēia mau ʻōnaehana hiki ke hoʻolōʻihi i nā uku kiʻekiʻe loa mai 0 a 100 km / h i 3 kekona.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻanuʻu kaʻa induction linear ma nā RTU, (Robot Transport Units).ʻO ka hapa nui o nā RTU e hoʻohana ana i nā pahu rack a me nā pinion drive akā hiki i kahi motika induction linear ke hāʻawi i kahi hana kiʻekiʻe, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke ola lawelawe.
Nā Motors Magnet Synchronous mau
E hoʻohana mau ʻia nā PMLSM ma nā noi me nā kī liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, nā wikiwiki haʻahaʻa akā kiʻekiʻe a kiʻekiʻe loa a me nā pōʻai hana koʻikoʻi.Loaʻa ka hapa nui o kēia mau noi i ka AOI (Automated Optical Inspection), semiconductor a me nā ʻoihana mīkini laser.
ʻO ke koho ʻana i nā ʻanuʻu linear motor driven, (direct drive), hāʻawi i nā pōmaikaʻi hana nui ma mua o nā hoʻokele indirect, (nā pae i loaʻa ai ka neʻe laina ma ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ka neʻe rotary), no nā hoʻolālā lōʻihi a kūpono i nā ʻoihana he nui.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Feb-06-2023